What's the author's preferred…——2017 高考英语第 59 题答案解析

【考点】OA：健康环保类阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文通过详细的讲解全球变暖的问题，从洪水的危害一直讲解到污染的企业应

该怎么做，为了减少全球变暖问题，应该减少碳排放．
【解答】ACADDB
65．A 推理判断题，划线句意为"并没有一种万全之策"，下一句Nevertheless表示转折，
再根据there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost．可知，没有放之四
海而皆准的方法，即适应是根据具体情况而不断做出调整，而非一成不变，故答案为A
66．C 细节理解题．根据第三段第二句 Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others
saw only disaster 可知，在洪水这一灾害面前，Rezwan 看到了机遇，他充分利用不利的
情况，C项符合题意．故正确答案为C．
67．A 细节理解题．根据第五段第六句 He directed the wasted water into shallow basins
where it froze，and was stored until the spring．His fields of ice supply perfectly timed
irrigation water 可知，他充分利用水的冰冻，储藏水以备灌溉，A项符合题意．故正确答
案为A．
68．D 推理判断题．根据"Increasing Earth's reflectiveness can cool the planet．"由此可见
太阳反射也许能够减轻全球变暖的问题，D项符合题意．故正确答案为D．
69．D 推理判断题． 根据倒数第二句最后一句 When the polluting industries argue that we've
lost the battle to control carbon pollution…可知，当污染行业认为我们已经失去了控制碳污
染的斗争，别无选择，只能适应，这是无意义的…，所以污染企业应该与二氧化碳污染
作斗争，D项符合题意．故正确答案为D．

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题．本文通过详细的讲解全球变暖的问题，从洪水的危害一直讲解到污
染的企业应该怎么做，为了减少全球变暖问题，应该减少碳排放（Readuce carbon
emission） ，根据文章最后一段的"But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt
our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution．"可知B项符合题意．A项意为"建立新标
准"，文中无表示，错误．C项意为"适应气候变化"，这不是作者偏向的解决办法，错
误．D项意为"主导污染企业"，文中无表示，错误．故正确答案为B．
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事
件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，
对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确
把握作者观点．
第四部分：任务型阅读（满分10分）请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的
空格里填入一个最恰当的单词．注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上．每个空

格只填一个单词．
31． （10分）
Population Change
Why is the world's population growing？The answer is not what you might think．The
reason for the explosion is not that people have been reproducing like rabbits，but that people
have stopped dropping dead like flies．In 1900，people died at the average age of 30．By 2000
the average age was 65．But while increasing health was a typical feature of the 20th century，
declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st．
Statistics show that the average number of births per woman has fallen from 4.9 in the
early 1960s to 2.5 nowadays．Furthermore，around 50% of the world's population live in
regions where the figure is now below the replacement level（i．e.2.1 births per woman）and
almost all developed nations are experiencing sub﹣replacement birth rate．You might think
that developing nations would make up the loss（especially since 80% of the world's people
now live in such nations） ，but you'd be wrong，Declining birth rate is a major problem in many
developing regions too，which might cause catastrophic global shortages of work force within a
few decades．
A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China，for instance．What does
it imply？First，China needs to undergo rapid economic development before a population
decline hits the country．Second，if other factors such as technology remain constant，economic
growth and material expectations will fall well below recent standards and this could invite
trouble．
Russia is another country with population problems that could break its economic
promise．Since 1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that of those being born
by a massive 50%，Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993
and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961．Why is this occurring？
Nobody is quite sure，but poor diet an above all long﹣time alcoholism have much to do with
it．If current trends don't bend．Russia's population will be about the size of Yemen's by the
year 2050．
In the north of india，the population is booming due to high birth rates，but in the
south，where most econmoic development is taking place，birth rate is falling rapidly．In a

further twist，birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural areas an lowest in highly educated
urban areas．In total，25% of India's working﹣age population has no education．In 2030，a
sixth of the country's potential work force could be totally uneducated．
One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration．As for the USA，
it is almost unique among developed nations in having a population that is expected to grow by
20% from 2010﹣2030，Moreover，the USA has a track record of successfully accepting
immigrants．As a result it's likely to see a rise in the size of its working﹣age population and to
witness strong economic growth over the longer term．