What is the min idea of the t…——2018 高考英语第 31 题答案解析

【考点】O5：科教类阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇科教类阅读，文章讲述的是语言已经千百年的历史，不断
地出现和消失，但最近新出现的语言越来越少，而消失地越来越多，随着社会
和工业化的发展，语言消失地越来越快．
【解答】BCBC
28．B．推理判断题．根据第一段When the world was still populated by hunter-
gatherers, small, tightly knit（联系）groups developed their own patterns of speech
independent of each
other可知在狩猎的时代，狩猎团队各自形成了自己的语言模式，这会导致大量
不同的语言，语言种类的数量是巨大的，故答案为B．
29．C．词义猜测题．根据常识及and dominant languages such as English, Spanish
and Chinese are increasingly taking
over可知现在占据统治地位的语言有英语、西班牙语和汉语，可以猜测dominant
意为"统治的，强大的"，故答案为C．
30．B．数字计算题．根据At present, the world has about 6,800 languages及The
median number（中位数）of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the
world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than
that可知世界上的仅仅不到6000人却说的语言占到一半的世界语言，世界所有的
语言大约有6800种，可知，$6800*1/2=3400$，故答案为B．

【答案】C

【解析】主旨大意题．本文是一篇科教类阅读，文章讲述的是语言已经千百年

的历史，不断地出现和消失，但最近新出现的语言越来越少，而消失地越来越
多，随着社会和工业化的发展，语言消失地越来越快，由此可以判断人类的发
展导致了更少的语言，故答案为C．
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和
题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判
断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱
猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
　
D
We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first
sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old
devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment —
and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the
newer ones that do the same things.
To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her
colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the
environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are
mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how
home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by
generation — Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined
1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones,
and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.
As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones.
“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room, and
suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher.
The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13
in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices — we continue to use them.
According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with
cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and

contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the
1992 to 2007 window.
So what’s the solution（解决方案）? The team’s data only went up to 2007, but
the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products
with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word
processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing
on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by
44%.