What are forgone opportunitie…——2014 高考英语第 49 题答案解析

【考点】O7：政治经济类阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇议论文．文章主要介绍了如何更好地支配自己的时间和金钱，以及
如何在作决定时考虑花费的机会成本．因为无论我们多么富有，我们也不可能在一天里
找到足够的时间做我们想要做的一切．因此，我们要放弃一些事情选择做更好的事情．
【解答】58．D 推理判断题．根据第一段的"Economics deals with this problem through the
concept of opportunity cost，which simply refers to whether someone's time or money could be
better spent on something else"．和第三段的"This﹣the alternative use of your cash and time
﹣is the opportunity cost"可知，opportunity cost（机会成本）是指人们考虑自己的时间和
金钱是否可以更好地被利用在其他的事情上，也就是在衡量自己的选择是否合理．所以
这个概念应用于衡量机会的选择方面，故选D．
59．C 词义推测题．根据第三段的"Say…but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a
couple of hours to get to and from the stadium…use the leftover money and time to have
dinner with friends？"可知，人们本来是想去看球赛，但是球赛的票太贵了．所以就把本
来准备看球赛的金钱和时间用在了别的地方，所以leftover …time所指的是"花在观看比
赛（路上）来去的时间"．故选C．

【答案】B

【解析】推理判断题．根据第四段的"Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free，
the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone
opportunities．"可知，即使有人带你去享受免费的午餐，在这种情况下，你吃饭的时间还
是会让你失去某些东西． 所以推测出forgone opportunities是指"所放弃的可以做更有价值
事情的更好的机会"．故B正确．

【点评】本文是政治经济类阅读，考查学生对细节的理解把握和推理判断能力，做题时
一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要
以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
29． （8分）Most damagingly，anger weakens a person's ability to think clearly and keep control
over his behaviour．The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance
of the person or situation that arouses his anger．
Not everyone experiences anger in the same way； what angers one person may amuse
another．The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on
biological and cultural forces．In contemporary culture，physical expressions of anger are
generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated．We no longer regard duels （决斗）
as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person's awareness of insulting
behaviour on the part of another．
Anger can be identified in the brain，where the electrical activity changes．Under most
conditions EEG （脑电图） measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between
the right and left prefrontal （额叶前部） areas．Behaviourally this corresponds to the general
even﹣handed disposition （意向） that most of us possess most of the time．But when we are
angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren't balanced and，as a result of this，we're
likely to react．And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other
emotions，whether positive or negative．
Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour：we move closer to people we
like．Most negative emotions，in contrast，are associated with avoidance behaviour：we move
away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious．But anger is an exception
to this pattern．The angrier we are，the more likely we are to move towards the object of our
anger．This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of ensive anger：the angry person
moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger．This
approach﹣and﹣confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry （不
对称） of EEG activity．Interestingly，this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can
experience empathy （ 同感 ） towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry
response．In defensive anger，in contrast，the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the
angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger﹣inspiring situation．