【解答】
(3分)(2014•深圳)如图,已知四边形ABCD为等腰梯形, $\mathrm { A D } / / \mathrm { B C } , \mathrm { A B } { = } \mathrm { C D } , \mathrm { A D } { = } \sqrt { 2 } .$ ,E 为 CD中点,连接AE,且 $\scriptstyle \mathrm { A E } = 2 { \sqrt { 3 } } .$ $\angle \mathrm { D A E } { = } 3 0 ^ { \circ }$ ,作 $\mathrm { A E \perp A F }$ 交BC于F,则BF=( )

A.1 B $3 - \sqrt { 3 }$ C $\sqrt { 5 } - 1$ D $4 - 2 \sqrt { 2 }$
考点:等腰梯形的性质
分析:延长AE交BC的延长线于G,根据线段中点的定义可得CE=DE,根据两直线平行,内错角相等可得到 $\angle D \mathrm { A E } { = } \angle \mathrm { G } { = } 3 0 ^ { \circ }$ ,然后利用“角角边”证明 $\triangle \mathrm { A D E }$ 和 $\triangle \mathrm { G C E }$ 全等,根据全等三角形对应边相等可得CG=AD,AE=EG,然后解直角三角形求出AF、GF,过点A作AM⊥BC于M,过点D作DN⊥BC于N,根据等腰梯形的性质可得BM=CN,再解直角三角形求出MG,然后求出CN,MF,然后根据 $\mathrm { B F { = } B M - M F }$ 计算即可得解
解答:解:如图,延长AE交BC的延长线于G,∵E为CD中点,$\therefore C E = \mathrm { D E } ,$ $\because \Delta \mathrm { D } / / \mathrm { B C } ,$ $\therefore \angle D A E = \angle G = 3 0 ^ { \circ }$ 在 $\triangle \mathrm { A D E }$ 和 $\triangle \mathrm { G C E }$ 中,$\left\{ \begin{array} { l l } { \angle \tt D A E = \angle G } \\ { \angle \tt A E D = \angle G E C } \\ { \tt C E = \tt D E } \end{array} \right.$ $\therefore \Delta A \Delta E \cong \Delta \mathrm { G C E ~ ( A A S ) }$ $\therefore C G = A D = { \sqrt { 2 } } , \mathrm { A E = E G = } 2 { \sqrt { 3 } } ,$ $\therefore A G = A E + E G = 2 { \sqrt { 3 } } + 2 { \sqrt { 3 } } = 4 { \sqrt { 3 } } ,$ $\because \mathrm { A E \bot A F } ,$ $\therefore A F = A G \tan 3 0 ^ { \circ } = 4 { \sqrt { 3 } } \times { \frac { \sqrt { 3 } } { 3 } } = 4 ,$
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\mathrm{GF} = \mathrm{AG} \div \cos 3 0 ^ {\circ} = 4 \sqrt {3} \div \frac {\sqrt {3}}{2} = 8,
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过点 A 作 $\mathbf { A M \bot B C }$ 于 $\mathbf { M } .$ ,过点 D 作 $\mathrm { D N \perp B C }$ 于 $_ \mathrm { N }$ ,则 $\scriptstyle \mathrm { M N = A D = { \sqrt { 2 } } } ,$
$\because$ 四边形 $\mathbf { A B C D }$ 为等腰梯形,
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\therefore \mathrm{BM} = \mathrm{CN},
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\because \mathrm{MG} = \mathrm{AG} \cdot \cos 3 0 ^ {\circ} = 4 \sqrt {3} \times \frac {\sqrt {3}}{2} = 6,
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\therefore \mathrm{CN} = \mathrm{MG} - \mathrm{MN} - \mathrm{CG} = 6 - \sqrt {2} - \sqrt {2} = 6 - 2 \sqrt {2},
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\because \mathrm{AF} \perp \mathrm{AE}, \mathrm{AM} \perp \mathrm{BC},
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\therefore \angle \mathrm{FAM} = \angle \mathrm{G} = 3 0 ^ {\circ},
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\therefore \mathrm{FM} = \mathrm{AF} \cdot \sin 3 0 ^ {\circ} = 4 \times \frac {1}{2} = 2,
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\therefore \mathrm{BF} = \mathrm{BM} - \mathrm{MF} = 6 - 2 \sqrt {2} - 2 = 4 - 2 \sqrt {2}.
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故选 D

点评:本题考查了等腰梯形的性质,解直角三角形,全等三角形的判定与性质,熟记各性质是解题的关键,难点在于作辅助线构造出全等三角形,过上底的两个顶点作出梯形的两条高